Fearfully and Wonderfully Made

This book, a collection of medical-theological reflections by eminent surgeon Dr Paul Brand edited together and fleshed out a bit by Philip Yancey, is an actually miraculous read. It will both make you appreciate the complex marvel that is the human body in ways you probably never knew if you're not in the medical profession, and further to this, its interwoven reflections (which I will talk about in a moment) really drive home the New Testament metaphor of the Church being the Body of Christ in fresh, compelling ways, that make this a powerful apologetic for the Church as the vehicle of witness in faith. It is also quite beautifully written, often dealing with intricate biological subjects but never getting bogged down in jargon; and when making its wider points it does so with a deftness and clarity that makes the book extremely easy reading. I finished it in two [not-even-that]-long sittings.

   The book is split into four sections, though there is initially quite a long preface by Philip Yancey which is excellent reading in itself, mainly reflecting on his friendship with Brand and how the older man was a source of much inspiration to his faith and also just a marvellous human all-round, doing much great research that revolutionized leprosy treatment in the 20th-century.

   The first of the four main parts is about cells. Their central metaphor here is drawing on the imagery the apostle Paul uses (see 1 Corinthians 12, the second half of the chapter) to talk about individual members within the Body that is the Church, and how each needs to perform its duty to the benefit of the whole; cells are the perfect metaphor to carry this forward. Seven bitesize chapters (all the chapters in this book are bitesize, part of what makes it so readable) deal with: the nature of this membership as individual entities; the specialization of those members; the innate diversity of the individuals all working together; the intrinsic worth of each individual member; the total unity of all members as one collective; the duty of service to the whole demanded by the whole of its members; and finally "mutiny" - which in cell terms means cancer (and this chapter uses this metaphorical understanding of the Body of Christ to talk about the hoarding of wealth/food/time in the global context of the Church in a world where there is so much need with such adroitness that it alone is worth reading the book for).

   The next, bones. Metaphorically here Brand and Yancey are talking about the doctrinal elements that support Christianity from its core - the Law, the character of God, and such. Its chapters deal with: the notion of having a frame from which everything else either hangs or is contained; the hardness necessary to deal with knocks and turns of life; the freedom enabled the human body by the marvel that is its skeleton (also this chapter contains a "positive re-spin" of the Ten Commandments that are just brilliant); the essential capacity for growth and healing; the adaptability to new contexts and activities; and finally we get a brilliantly insightful chapter that talks about the dangers of legalism by inversing the metaphor and considering creatures that have exoskeletons.

   The third, skin. In the Christian metaphor this is all about love, as you'll hopefully see is fairly obvious from the brief sketches of each chapter. They talk about skin as: something visible, by which the world recognises our outward form; perceptive and sensitive in relation to its environment and other things and people; compliant in its flexibility and durability; full of an immensity of inner interconnections that transmit information; essential to the physical and emotive experience of embodied love; and lastly capable of confronting threats and protecting innards.

   And finally, the body's capacity for motion. The metaphorical application is somewhat looser here, ranging from reliance on the Holy Spirit to keep us tapped into "the Head" of the Body (that is of course Christ) to the need for the Church to be on its toes in responding to things around it. Chapters: the concert of muscle activity that is movement; the balance between all facets of moving parts; why dysfunction occurs and how it can be remedied; the need for a stable, trusted hierarchy for effective function (this makes the shift from muscles to nerves); the guidance of the whole by the executive operation of the Head (or the brain, depending on what side of the metaphor you're looking through); and the capacity of the whole to be real, meaningful, as a human presence in another's life.

   I would heartily recommend this book to Christian readers as an illuminating work on what it can, or should, or does, look like to be part of the Body of Christ; moreover from that gospel angle it will bring you to an incredible perspective on the magical sack of electric meat that is you, your own actual body. Brand's memories of his medical exploits, in particular those from among the leper communities whom he served so diligently, selflessly and effectively, will leave you breathless. Similarly I would recommend it to non-Christian readers who all think this is a pretty weird metaphor, and Brand and Yancey's brilliant collaboration here will leave you scratching your head in wonderment but substantively better informed about why we use this phrase to talk about the Church - and what a perfect metaphor it actually is.

Laudato Si'

This book - or rather, papal encyclical (you can read the whole thing from that link) - is the 2015 statement by Pope Francis about the responsibility of all humanity, and especially Catholic Christians, to care for God's creation, particularly in the face of the industrial horrors it is facing in this day and age. I am by no measure a Catholic, but I have quite a lot of respect for Pope Francis, and with the release of this that went up some degree - some degree more now that a few years later I've actually read the thing. Pope-man knows the issues. He knows what's up with the economic supply chains,  the product design cycles, the advertising consumer drive. He is not an ignorant old fart on a gold chair. This is a dude who spent most of his life in a run-down little church in Argentina cleaning graffiti off his parish walls and playing kickabout with local youths. He is not beholden to "the system" simply because he happens to be the head of the Catholic Church - ecclesiology can be politically weird like that, which I love. Francis is quite well cognizant in the key ways that humanity is fucking up our environment and the necessary actions that individuals, corporations, and governments must take to start minimising and then halting those impacts on our embedded ecology. If every Catholic in the world had read this and taken it to heart in a practical and immediate way, it would have been revolutionary. But obviously that hasn't happened. They just don't respect the Pope like they used to in the medieval era. Shame. But still - for this to have been written at all with the authority it was, as a Papal Encyclical - is immensely significant, and I hope it means that there are strong undercurrents of ecologically-revolutionary intent within the Catholic church, and hopefully ecumenically too, as I know there are too in every faith; it is only together as all humanity under One God one One World that we will see our way through the turbulence that is to come from the outputs of our historic wastefulnesses.

    If you're a Catholic who takes the word of the Pope seriously and you've not read this, then get the fuck off your arse and click on the link at the top, it's all online for free. It'll take you maybe an hour or two and it will reshape your brain. If you're a non-Catholic Christian who has less respect for the Pope but maybe doesn't take creation-care too seriously - I would also recommend reading the whole thing. It is not grounded in Catholicism but in Christian and biblical thinking with a pragmatic and compassionate bent for what is best for us and our future descendants in the world. And if you're no kind of Christian but you care about the environment - you might get a kick out of reading it, you probably won't learn any new scientific realities but you'll get a fun insight into what Mr Gold-throne White-hat thinks about the necessity of your activist struggles.

Life in the Garden

This book by Penelope Lively is a relatively short but topically wide-ranging survey of the common contemporary garden. Drawing on historical developments, cultural trends, socioeconomic possibilities, and the human relationships with natural plant-life that makes the rest of it all possible, she weaves an interesting path across the subject and makes the humble* garden come to life in a new, invigorating way. Her prose is agreeable enough, and I learnt quite a lot from this book, but didn't particularly feel too compelled to finish it, which is why I've been reading it on-and-off several months before finally completing it. A niche book to recommend, though if you're into gardens or gardening, and want to know more about the rich and storied context of the contemporary "yard", I reckon this would probably be a good place to start.

* Or not so humble in the cases where she's discussing the huge grounds of stately homes, etc. But you get the drift.

Fox

This book by Isabel Thomas and illustrated by Daniel Egnéus is a visually fantastic and lyrical ode to that darkest and greatest most mystical of natural forces; death.* It follows the life cycle of a mother fox raising her litter - and trusting their instinct to persist their foxy little lives even after their ma gets [SPOILER WARNING] got and becomes food for the worms, flies, and fungi. Probably not a book for every kid but ones that are interested in nature will love the pictures and learn to fear the Reaper less should they give this one a chance.

* Not quite as comprehensively as certain other books lobbed at the younger audience, but the upshot of how it's pulled off in this one is far less morbidly humourous and instead performs more like a sanitary duty to the kids' psyche with an adroit and non-scary inspection of Death as Natural... just part of the circle of life!

Sloth Life: Don't Hurry, Be Happy

This book by Forrest Greenwood is a damn near perfect coffee-table toilet-shelf micro-book of cute sloth pics and funny text. That is, I believe, all that needs saying about it - at least, it's all I will say, as ironically I'm writing this in a spot of a rush.

Pollution and the Death of Man

This book, by Francis Schaeffer (and with a final chapter by Udo Middelmann)* is a fairly short and readable but still very academically potent exploration of how well-exposited biblical theology can shine new and profound light of insight into the ecological crisis faced by contemporary society. I feel this blog has already delved so thoroughly into both aspects of this intersection in topics, and so this post will mostly be hyperlinked so as to maintain some degree of brevity.**

   The book places the ecological crisis into context of Christian narratives of creation, fall and redemption, and seeks to draw on scientific understanding as the powerful force that it is for explaining how things in the world work. Pantheistic naturalism and materialistic atheism are both dealt with in Schaeffer's typical aptitude for negotiating philosophical complexities, and the picture worked towards here is a hopeful and proactive one, in which people who do give a shit about our planetly home (a broad category that hopefully includes Christians, and this is gracefully increasingly becoming the case as a mainstream norm, at least in the egalitarian-liberal echo chambers I'm part of, but in churches these are never as potent in their constrictive insidious-ideological force as they are in secular activism, or further afield) try to become part of the solution;*** especially since during the reign of Christendom the church's capacity to exist as a counter-cultural alternative community which spoke truth to power was blunted by its proximity to those same powers - and even cursory surveys of historical developments of social and moral norms reveal that the Western established church does indeed have a lot to answer for in terms of helping construct and maintain a relationship between human society and the rest of the natural world which has been anything but shalom. Fortunately, the church is not a static entity, and as the vast ripples of the reformation continue to break in the rock pools of newly-changing contexts (which bring with them new challenges to the world demanding gospel-grounded responses from the church) there is always hope.

   This is a must-read for Christians with an ecological conscience so that we may better advocate the significance of stewardship to those of our brothers and sisters who 'just don't get it' yet. It would probably also be a very interesting read for people of other (or no) faiths who share these concerns about nature - as there is an unshakeable spirituality to biology, and even perspectives whose foundations you disagree with may prove to be illuminating or thought-provoking in ways you cannot foresee. Or - even if you're the hardest-cored atheist - this would be a fantastic source of ammunition for asking the kind of questions that will really make your well-meaning Christian acquaintances squirm.

* And a pair of appendix essays; The Historical Roots of Our Ecologic Crisis by Lynn White Jr. and Why Worry About Nature? by Richard Means - both of which add wholesomely and enrichingly to the discussion sketched out above.

** If you really want to know, I'm two months behind on this blog, and so am catching up with posts on a large stack of books most of which I found extremely interesting and quite relevant (some very) to my aggregate interests and attempted understandings, which is why lots of these posts are quite short, if still trying to capture with accurate sincerity my actual personal responses to each.

*** I use this term in a broad sense: the church is God's chosen vehicle of participatory work for the reconciliation of humanity and our world to His will, but by no means can or should we fully expect justice, social or ecological or otherwise, to be achievable by any other than divine means - and since to speculate as to the nature of this process is by definition to think eschatologically, there must be a degree of humility there, and clear recognition that we cannot discern the details of God's plans.
   However, we can from our understanding of His intentions and character form clear directions and intentionalities for human action - something only touched on in this book as it deals mostly with the core outline of how the issue and Scripture intersect, but fortunately there is a wealth of other books and resources about ways in which this can go further. I'm particularly excited by the growing vocality of the church in opposing exploitative and unsustainable (not to say idolatrous) tendencies implicit in the capitalist system; hopefully popular consciousness of this will extend to critique the whole ideological justifications for this economic model, and open space for imagination of grace-based forms of organisation which are far more conducive to global equality and sustainability.

the Revenge of Gaia

This book by James Lovelock is, hands-down, the scariest book I've read since I started this blog. Long-time readers will be familiar with my concerns about the environment: human societies have lost our relationship with the natural world, to the point that our entire economic systems as they currently stand are functionally incompatible with sustainable ecosystems (see this and this), and the only political movements calling out these issues on the scale they need to be called out on are marginal at best.

   Lovelock, as a climate scientist, has been one of the most prominent voices in the public sphere since the 1960s on environmentalism, and is still profoundly influenatial today, despite several notable areas of disagreement with 'mainstream' green types. His main claim-to-fame is for the 'Gaia' hypothesis, that planetary biological and geological systems (like Earth) are inextricably interconnected and self-regulating over extremely long time periods. He overviews this theory in this book, as well as the life-history of Earth within the scope of the theory, though other books by him focusing purely on the Gaia hypothesis and Earth-science will be more thorough on this topic.

   This book is concerned with the rapid destabilisation of Gaia's natural self-regulation: human civilisation has, to put it crudely, shat out so much waste that the typical means of carbon absorbtion are overwhelmed, so the planet (in the very short-term, geologically-speaking, but still long enough for a mass extinction of plants and animals and the probable deaths of billions of humans - mainly the poorer ones) is overheating. The scientific projections for the twenty-first century are downright chilling. James offers some generalistic overviews of how we need to reshape our food and energy industries, our entire societal use of technology, our entire economic systems - nothing too dissimilar from other environmentalists' Last-Prophet-Before-The-Flood pleas for large-scale social change and political action, which are still going largely unheeded.

   I don't know why I read this book. I already knew how utterly and completely our species has, as they say in Alabama (probably), "gone done fucked up." The only people who are likely to read this book will be dedicated environmentalists like myself who already know that massive radical change is needed, twenty years ago. It's probably too late to prevent a mass extinction (I mean, heck, it's already happening). It's probably too late to prevent dangerously runaway global warming that will force mass migration on scales never seen before in human history, runaway inflation on food, wars over water.

   If the contents of this book are interesting to you, don't read it. It'll just depress you without really telling you anything action-oriented that you probably don't already know. (Except that nuclear power doesn't deserve its demonised status.) Instead, go out and take direct action against the corporate-governmental schemes that are perpetuating the human destruction of our life support system, Gaia.

   That, or stock up on tinned goods and bottled water for a post-apocalyptic bunker.

   I'm doing both.