Pollution and the Death of Man

This book, by Francis Schaeffer (and with a final chapter by Udo Middelmann)* is a fairly short and readable but still very academically potent exploration of how well-exposited biblical theology can shine new and profound light of insight into the ecological crisis faced by contemporary society. I feel this blog has already delved so thoroughly into both aspects of this intersection in topics, and so this post will mostly be hyperlinked so as to maintain some degree of brevity.**

   The book places the ecological crisis into context of Christian narratives of creation, fall and redemption, and seeks to draw on scientific understanding as the powerful force that it is for explaining how things in the world work. Pantheistic naturalism and materialistic atheism are both dealt with in Schaeffer's typical aptitude for negotiating philosophical complexities, and the picture worked towards here is a hopeful and proactive one, in which people who do give a shit about our planetly home (a broad category that hopefully includes Christians, and this is gracefully increasingly becoming the case as a mainstream norm, at least in the egalitarian-liberal echo chambers I'm part of, but in churches these are never as potent in their constrictive insidious-ideological force as they are in secular activism, or further afield) try to become part of the solution;*** especially since during the reign of Christendom the church's capacity to exist as a counter-cultural alternative community which spoke truth to power was blunted by its proximity to those same powers - and even cursory surveys of historical developments of social and moral norms reveal that the Western established church does indeed have a lot to answer for in terms of helping construct and maintain a relationship between human society and the rest of the natural world which has been anything but shalom. Fortunately, the church is not a static entity, and as the vast ripples of the reformation continue to break in the rock pools of newly-changing contexts (which bring with them new challenges to the world demanding gospel-grounded responses from the church) there is always hope.

   This is a must-read for Christians with an ecological conscience so that we may better advocate the significance of stewardship to those of our brothers and sisters who 'just don't get it' yet. It would probably also be a very interesting read for people of other (or no) faiths who share these concerns about nature - as there is an unshakeable spirituality to biology, and even perspectives whose foundations you disagree with may prove to be illuminating or thought-provoking in ways you cannot foresee. Or - even if you're the hardest-cored atheist - this would be a fantastic source of ammunition for asking the kind of questions that will really make your well-meaning Christian acquaintances squirm.

* And a pair of appendix essays; The Historical Roots of Our Ecologic Crisis by Lynn White Jr. and Why Worry About Nature? by Richard Means - both of which add wholesomely and enrichingly to the discussion sketched out above.

** If you really want to know, I'm two months behind on this blog, and so am catching up with posts on a large stack of books most of which I found extremely interesting and quite relevant (some very) to my aggregate interests and attempted understandings, which is why lots of these posts are quite short, if still trying to capture with accurate sincerity my actual personal responses to each.

*** I use this term in a broad sense: the church is God's chosen vehicle of participatory work for the reconciliation of humanity and our world to His will, but by no means can or should we fully expect justice, social or ecological or otherwise, to be achievable by any other than divine means - and since to speculate as to the nature of this process is by definition to think eschatologically, there must be a degree of humility there, and clear recognition that we cannot discern the details of God's plans.
   However, we can from our understanding of His intentions and character form clear directions and intentionalities for human action - something only touched on in this book as it deals mostly with the core outline of how the issue and Scripture intersect, but fortunately there is a wealth of other books and resources about ways in which this can go further. I'm particularly excited by the growing vocality of the church in opposing exploitative and unsustainable (not to say idolatrous) tendencies implicit in the capitalist system; hopefully popular consciousness of this will extend to critique the whole ideological justifications for this economic model, and open space for imagination of grace-based forms of organisation which are far more conducive to global equality and sustainability.

the Gospel According to the Son

This book by Norman Mailer is a novel, and yet carries a persistent acuteness of tone and perspective as it walks through the first-person narrative of Jesus, told by Norman Mailer's version of Himself; I'm not going to say a great deal about it because otherwise I'll end up writing an enormous post peeling apart speculative layers of Exactly Just What Is Heresy and Where Does Art Stand In Relation To This, and basically I would like to skip that (as it's quite late and I'm writing this actually a few weeks after I've actually finished the book so a combination of wanting-to-get-off-my-screen-based-appliance-before-bed and it-was-that-long-ago-most-of-my-juicer-ruminations-have-dissipated-anyway is in effect) and just affirm that while this book does embellish upon the Biblical Gospels, it does so in the self-conscious medium of a novel, a literary format designed to embroil its lone audiences in worlds of empathy and imagination and brokenness and nuance - much like the world Jesus inhabited in ways far messier than word-for-word portrayed in the formal accounts. Any theological liberties it takes it does so with an careful caution which maintain the religious integrity of its main character, while by taking those liberties in the context of a (superbly written) novel allows Mailer to powerfully and poignantly explore what can only be speculated as to the inner life of someone who thinks God is trying to tell him summat uniquely important. As an exercise in literary practice for those who already believe that Jesus was fully divine and fully human, this twist - subjective narration of the most well-known story in history - makes for excellent and thought-provoking reading, and I am quite confident agnostic readers may also enjoy the fresh retelling of familiar scenes in ways altogether 'less preachy' than perhaps generally perceived to be accessible.

the Prophetic Imagination

This book by Walter Brueggemann was one of the most holistically profound, affirming, challenging, enlightening and generally energising-of-the-spirit books I've read in a while. It explores through radical and faithful analysis of Biblical themes and narratives the lens of sociopolitical critique common in the prophetic traditions, which with deep relevance touch on everything from economics to personal virtue to cultural memory in both their original contexts (as cries lobbied against Israel as an ancient people and state, trying and failing to live in collective relationship with their creator and liberator God) and you-don't-need-to-dig-too-far-down-to-find poignant assessment of the world's ongoing broken mode of being; the theological thrusts found here are characteristically recognisable in the human condition and so universal enough to have a pertinence that fully transcends historical context, speaking to us as persons in a much broader sense. Brueggemann tracks these themes through God's covenant with Israel, as Moses and the Law-based society was intended as a developmental (and flawed/incomplete) model of how humankind could live in relationship with God - and this formed an alternative form of community which was fundamentally at odds with those mainstream form of community prevalent among the species, termed the 'royal consciousness', which prioritises individual gain and power such that everyone is trying to be the king of their own little worlds (which is lucky enough for the tiny minority who actually are kings, or royalty, or whatever, but obviously then leads to entrenchment of inequality and alienation of people from each other which compounds the breakdown of a society of sinners); this is particularly stark reading in our current vein of history, where never before has the average human had so much sheer abundance of resources to consume, concretely or abstractly, in lives of competitively-dulled-to-its-own-spectacularity blasé luxurious discontent. The countercultural forms this alternative community takes are discussed in broad scriptural strokes, as are the forms of counter-countercultual suppression launched in response by the royal consciousness. Next, from closer analysis of prophetic writings, we look at how particuarly gifted members of the alternative consciousness/community are able to stir up remembrance of the betterness of that alternative through: exercising sympathetic and empathetic action as a critique of the lovelessness of the mainstream order; and energising the collective imagination of the alternative community's members to provoke amazement at, and thereby realign social consciousness toward, the God who liberated and established such a community at all. Further chapters then explore how Jesus took these aspects of prophetic function to their extreme in his teachings, life and death etcetera. Finally, there is a chapter and also a postscript considering how these ideas may be applied in practical ministry.
   This is not a book for everyone. It will unsettle many conservative and liberal Christian readers alike, at its clarity of argument and yet the seemingly-radical nature of working through its implications. But Brueggemann is a well-rooted scholar of God's word, and this book is a hugely potent systematic examination of one of the most intangible concepts in theology (relative to the current hegemony of materialistic positivism anyway) in ways that shed great light of insight into recurrent Biblical themes and narratives, while being inarguably of immense and urgent necessity in our world today. As a global civilisation, we are careening slowly across the wilderness without even clear voices to be heard more than few far between shouting in it; I believe as believers the truths of faith are as brilliantly and deeply relevant as ever yet we have lost our capacity for meaningful cross-cultural dialogue in societies poisoned by secular anxiety and corporate blinkers - thus it is even more imperative that Christians with a capacity for communication, for engaging their sociocultural contexts in ways that are as pragmatic, flexible and sensitive as they are conscious of the primary, holistic, eternal context, to do so with such things in mind as they speak, write, create and relate.

Multiplying Churches

This book, edited by Steve Timmis, is a short and readable collection of essays on the broad theme of church-planting. My church is very much a church-planting church by its nature and intentionality, and so everyone in it was given a copy of this a few months ago to help us generally think and talk and pray through corporately how to go ahead with an upcoming pair of new church-plants. I can say straight-up that it's a great book for this; each chapter is accessible, jargon-free, biblically-grounded, and thoroughly proactive and exhortational in style - I won't discuss it in much depth here, because I'm currently also reading another book more centrally focused on a holistic exploration of biblical theology of church, and I'll save reflections for the post on that.

   But yes - the chapters:

• Tim Chester - church planting as the work of spreading Christ's light
• Henri Blocher - church planting as the work of a renewed humanity in Creation
• Steve Timmis - church planting as the work of God's people witnessing to Him
• Matt Chandler - the motive of grace
• Reuben Hunter - the method of Word-centredness
• Matt Chandler - the means of empowerment by the Holy Spirit
• One Mokgatle - how churches can/should transcend ethno-cultural boundaries
• Steve Timmis - men's role in church planting
• Ruth Woodrow - women's role in church planting

   Overall, a great book to work through in church communities facing upcoming plants (or not - yet it might even inspire one!)

   Regular readers (ahahahahaha who?) may suspect, rightly, that I do have some thoughts on the last pair of chapters which I haven't divulged in this post - and that's because, to put it quite honestly, I have been convicted in recent months about the extent to which my social/political consciousness is allowed priority over my life in Christ (which then necessarily entails a degree of accountability and humility toward the body of Christ which is the church) to determine my opinions and reactions to things. And that's not to say that I'm still far from in agreement with many of the senior leadership (in both my church and the wider Acts 29 network of which it is a part) on the issue of gender roles (the thoughts I laid out here are still basically what I think), but I recognise that such arguments aren't as neat as I'd've liked to think. My uptake of support for feminism was rooted in hearing and reading the experiences and reflections of women, talking about the oppressions they faced; and while I'm not convinced the church isn't complicit in this to a significant degree (especially considered historically), I also have to recognise that there are many wise and socially-conscious women in the church who accept the seniors' position on gender roles (in a nutshell - complementarianism, so men-only-leaders), and that doesn't end the argument, but in humility creates new space for constructive discussions about where to go from there. I don't know. We're in an interesting period of political and cultural shift regarding gender norms, as we also are regarding the role of traditionally hegemonic religion: my personal opinions aren't as important as the wider attempts by the church to seek unity for all in Christ, which won't be overly aided if the whole church is busy arguing internally about the finer shades of theological nuance in this or that egalitarian theory, or where we draw the line between being subversive in a Spirit/grace-led sense and just being downright subversive. I wish I could explore these avenues further because trust me I've got views - but so what? Maybe some day there will come a time and a place for these conversations between the secular, the philosophical, and the church to take place, with all degrees of no-holds-barred criticality alongside an earnest intention to find workable common ground: and if or when that day comes, I will spring into action and try to help radical feminists and complementarian church leaders realise where their concerns overlap - or whatever else may come about. But until such hypothetical scenarios arise, I am not complacent, but merely refraining from unhelpful or divisive arguments.
   Let dialectics get on with themselves.
   You just get on with being.

Vagabonding

This, by Rolf Potts, is one of the most simplistically profound and positively challenging books I've read in quite a while - for certain one of those all-round well-worth-keeping-as-an-indispensable-dogeared-companion-that's-been-reread-multiple-times kind of books.

   Ostensibly, it is a reference/guidebook for people who want to go travelling around the world long-term. But it is far more than that: Rolf's advice, though thoroughly and flexibly practical, cuts deeper to the whole point of travel itself, and brings the reader (who can be presumed as a would-be traveller) to question some serious unexamined things about goals, attitudes, and various mixtures of these that may hinder the actual experience of travel. I would not even dare to summarise his broad reflections on this - as there is so much wisdom and insight packed into this relatively short and delightfully readable book, derived both from Rolf's own travel experiences, his friends', loads of other travel writers from contemporary and historical times, and anecdotal biographies of people who should be inspirational goal/attitude-models to people who might consider vagabonding. Travel is ultimately, argues Rolf, about broadening your understanding of yourself through broader experience of more of the world: and so an openness to unconventional and unexpected, a sociality and generousity, an ability to rest in the present moment and take things as they come, getting to know people just as much as (if not more than) places; this is how adventures happen, not by intricate planning and paid tours.

   I've already pencilled in a short list in the back of this book of places I want to visit. Not that I travel much but after a charity hitch-hike from Sheffield to Croatia via Krakow I went on nearly four years ago now (yikes) I definitely developed an adventure bug, and so when I've paid off the bulk of my post-postgraduate debts and saved up a decent chunk of annual leave, I'll be ready to hit the road.

   But - as Rolf also wants to make clear from his philosophy, this approach to travel isn't one that strictly even necessitates travelling particularly far from where you live: soaking up new experiences and avenues of society and culture is literally something that can be done any place people are, and most people tend to live in places where people are, I mean, I know I certainly do.

   So what does that mean?

   Live is an adventure - treat it like one!

Persepolis: the Story of a Return

This book, the second part* of a graphic autobiography by Marjane Satrapi (see first part) was even more gripping, radical and brimming with righteous indignation than its prequel. In part two, we follow her through teenage years struggling to find her identity as an Iranian in Europe, as she explores new experiences and subversive ideas - only then to return home to Tehran in desperation for belonging; but here, she meets obstacles of the post-revolutionary Islamic Republic repressing freedoms (especially for women) that only deepen her sense of struggle. As with part one, it's as educational as it is entertaining, and cannot be read without rowing out across a sea of empathic storytelling in a dinghy made of simplistic and striking illustrations; the dialogue matter-of-fact, sharply succinct, so that developments and relationships that spanned years are neatly condensed to their essence in the wider life story in a few pages, and the visual style and deftness of person and setting characterisation really pulls the reader into Satrapi's world.

* Okay fine I know that link is actually just for a book containing both parts - childhood and return - as I received it for Christmas and didn't see the point in reading the whole first half again just so I'd be able to do a post about the whole book. My blog, I make up the rules as I go. Maybe follow the link to the post about the first part anyway as this post is particularly short because I don't want to have to re-type out all my broad reactions to the general style and thrust of what Persepolis is, and the post about part one deals with those adequately.

Window to the World

This ebook by Andrew Knight* is a short, punchy little text designed to psych up Christians for world mission. Bookended by some powerful chapters on the urgency and simplicity of the church's global task of evangelism, the bulk of the book is a series of statistical overviews giving a birds-eye big-picture view of the state of the world today - in terms of missional reach, need, and socioeconomic factors that real and effective Christian work should be pervading and changing. These include global economies, poverty, missionary force, urbanisation, refugees, world religions, people groups, Christians and money, and world evanglism: the statistics appear well-sourced and build up a striking outline of large trends in the world, many of which are somewhat disheartening but just as many show signs of encouraging promise in slow aggregate change. The discussion sections relate it all with biblically-centred grounding to the calls of all Jesus' followers to personal faith, mission and service, and overall the book reads well as a wholesome exhortation to the church to continue and ramp up its work.
   It's very readable, and given that it's free to download for Kindle I'd recommend giving it a look and sharing around church circles if you think your missional community could benefit from a shot-in-the-arm of evangelical hype - and which one ever doesn't?

* He used to be student worker at my church; Andrew is humble and passionate, a natural gospel-sharer, and he and his family have been the source of good friendship and much inspiration to me in the years I've known them.

OFF. your digital detox for a better life

This book by Tanya Goodin is basically what it says on the tin - a kickstart book for those who want to, or feel or think they want to, or want to want to, embark upon some extent of digital detox. To be honest I just read it because it's short and I didn't have much to do this afternoon, and my flatmate Adam (whose it is) said it had some quite nice little tips in it - also last week I watched all the new series of Black Mirror, and (though I've been slowly digitally detoxifying myself in all regards but YouTube and Netflix for the past year or so, the insidious tendrils of social media still cling to me far too closely day by day) am inspired anew to maintain my course of steadily weaning myself off extraneous usage of the internet, especially in its mobile forms.

   It's practically perfect for its purported function. Goodin splits the book up into six sections, each peppered with soothing and attractive images of whatever non-screeny activities a given page is exhorting its pixel-addled reader to undertake, and while not at all text-heavy, the prose therein is focused but accessible, giving clear explanations of the simple human flaws or needs that give rise to a particular aspect of digital addiction and simple human strengths or needs that provide straightforward avenues for behaviours and attitudes to escape.

1. Setting boundaries - this section has really good common-sense hints, like putting aside certain times for not using screen-based technology, committing to not using it before bed, at mealtimes, whatever.
2. Go with the flow - basically just a list of mindful activities to try out instead of going by default onto a screen whenever boredom itches; e.g. cooking, reading, colouring, jigsaws, exercise, etc.
3. Get back to nature - extending the mindfulness out of your house! Go for a walk and look at clouds! Sit on some grass or near some water! Plant something!
4. Tame your triggers - common-sense tips on structuring your lifestyle or adjusting your technologies to reduce the temptations they exude.
5. Choose analogue - using difficult and esoteric methods known these days only to hipsters and people older than 37, can you work out how to perform basic tasks without using smartphones or the internet? Give it a go!
6. Reconnect - social media is a lie! The real social network is the innavigable shambles of delightful abundant beautiful mess comprising human civilisation, and guess what, you and everyone you know have free lifelong accounts, and the range of options for creative and positive interactions between users is almost limitless!

   Frankly, I don't feel like I've learned very much from this book, but that's because I'm a reader with a well-developed suspicion of the digital world anyway, and so much of the content herein struck me as being wonderfully basic. But it still needs saying. My generation is one lost looking down its own nose, crippled by its own self-induced anxiety and loneliness, and I dearly hope this book may spark people who need it into choosing to be present and awake in their own lives. Would make an excellent gift-book to your friend who's always on their phone and always seems sadder than they think they are.

Seven Sacred Spaces

This booklet by George Lings is one of the more famous publications by Church Army (my current employer). It explores seven commonly-recurring features of buildings designed to house monastic or faith communities (the cell, chapter, chapel, cloister, refectory, garden and scriptorium), and meditates on what it means that such features recur as they do - drawing their practical everyday functions into a picture of various aspects of how healthy spiritual rhythms can be cultivated and maintained in such communities. George walks us through established Rules in various monastic traditions with regards to each of these spaces, but also draws practical and poignant connections with aspects of these spaces' functions present (or absent) in current spaces or practices in contemporary Christian life; as such this book yields a surprising amount of insight into how shaping the context of shared life together can have considerable positive (or not) effects on how the people living in that context are able to cultivate and maintain healthy spiritual rhythms to their shared life as a Christian community. I'll admit I read it mostly out of curiousity as it's a resource that gets mentioned a lot and seems to be widely-known among Church Army people, but I would thoroughly recommend this to anyone who'd be open to some refreshingly practical and historically-grounded exploration of how faith communities can use structure in simple ways to encourage harmony.

2017 overview

So, every new year on this blog I do a recap post for the year just past - and man, what a year 2017 has been. The world continues noisily going mad, I've finally finished university having submitted my Masters dissertation in September, and I'm lucky enough to have gone from studenthood straight into a part-time job with the Church Army, alongside which I continue to write - poetry here and there, but mostly grinding away in an effort to produce a workable draft of the first in my planned series of novels, The Improbable Interplanetary Revolutions of Naomi Moss; but you don't care about my life, dear internet stranger who for whatever unfathomable reasons may be reading this weird little blog of spewed idiosyncratic reflections on various wodges of paper and ink - you care, like me, about books, and so if you're reading this recap post I can only imagine it is to glean some insights into my final reflections on the material my brain has eaten and digested (and in places excreted) across the last twelve months. And wow! In 2017 we saw a new record set for this blog, with 69 books finished - a full 23 more than the previous best.

   To what can we attribute this enormous disparity?

   Well, to an extent it's because I've read quite a lot of really short books, which I'm still obligated to write individual posts for, but which I won't be mentioning most of here. To a larger degree, it's because I spent most of summer dedicatedly reading masses of material about Kurdistan for my dissertation - which is easily the most enjoyable research project I'd ever undertaken.

• Most interesting specific field in non-fiction: Kurdistan

   Also, since November last year I've been trying to develop as a poet, and so have been reading lots of poetry: these books tend to be a lot shorter than typical others, but are far more often worthy of wide recommendation, so:

• Poets worth checking out: Alan Ginsberg and the beats generally, Vikram Seth, Kate Tempest, e. e. cummings, Mark Waldron

   Eh, there's quite a lot of books I'm going to link into this, so rather than keep trying to preface each mention with a properly couching bit of prose I'm just gonna dump them all in no particular order. C'est la vie.

• Best comic strip (in anthology format): Calvin & Hobbes by Bill Watterson
• Most redundantly common-sensical non-fiction: The School of Life's On Being Nice
• Most reductively status-quo-apologist non-fiction: The Lexus and the Olive Tree by Thomas Friedman
• Non-fiction that uses immense philosophical complexity to assert conclusions that are basically common-sense morality: Peter Unger's Living High & Letting Die
• Books by Noam Chomsky to convert hand-wringing liberals to genuine progressives: Occupy and On Anarchism
• Most sentimentally enjoyable series I've revisited: The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy by Douglas Adams
• Classic kids' book (The Little Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry) which, though good, is nowhere near as good as an edgier funnier modern classic kids' book - Terry Pratchett's The Amazing Maurice and His Educated Rodents
• Classic experimental play (Waiting for Godot by Samuel Beckett) which, though interesting, is frankly just a bit pretentious and boring compared with a play with similar experimentation applied in a far more theatrically rewarding setup - Tom Stoppard's Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead
• Really good Christian book on healthy perspective: John Ortberg's When the Game is Over It All Goes Back in the Box
• Really good secular book on healthy perspective: David Foster Wallace's This Is Water
• Best textbook - Feminism: Issues and Arguments by Jennifer Saul
• Most depressing non-fiction - James Lovelock's The Revenge of Gaia
• Least depressing non-fiction - Helen Russell's The Year of Living Danishly
• Books all conservative Christians would benefit humankind greatly if they read and absorbed - James Jones's Jesus and the Earth and Justin Welby's Dethroning Mammon
• Probably the most difficult to describe: The Age of Earthquakes
• Thinking back, probably the highest enjoyment to word ratio - Where Cats Meditate
• Most likely to become a legit classic in the future: W. P. Young's The Shack
• Best biographical work - George Orwell's Homage to Catalonia
• Most satisfying non-fiction (also a bonus mention for being the only book on this blog so far which has been stolen by a party-crashing drug dealer and then returned to me safely) - Benedict de Spinoza's Ethics
• And I read lots of really really really good novels this year, and they're all good in different ways but in also kind of overlapping ways, and it would be hard to break them down into 'best emotional tuggings' or 'funniest' or 'most exciting' or 'most poignant' or whatever, so here's just my selected top seven: James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Milan Kundera's The Book of Laughter and Forgetting, Cormac McCarthy's The Road, Ernest Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea, Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451, Kate Tempest's the bricks the built the houses, and Good Omens by Terry Pratchett and Neil Gaiman.

   I'm still very much enjoying writing this blog and finding value in it as personal project, so buckle in for a buttload more books in 2018. There's been a pre-selected pile of items which I'd been planning to read alongside the start of my writing project, which I've now started working my way through, so there are some very interesting posts coming along hopefully. I'm still trying to tip the balance more toward reading books from female and minority background writers, as I'm painfully aware that most of the stuff I read (and most of the stuff most people read, given the nature of privilege in publishing industries and the tides of literary and academic history) is by white men, not at all to say that these aren't generally good books, but if one of the core points of reading widely is to broaden your empathic horizons then it is woefully shortsighted to read without taking such factors of context into account and seeking to correct for them in what one chooses to imbibe.

   Anyway.

   Whoever you are, dear reader, I wish you all the best, and thank you for visiting this blog whether you are a regular or first-time-stumble-across-googler: happy new year.

   Peace & love

   Isaac Stovell